String Operations

Python tutorial · PySpark.in

String Operations in Python

Python provides many powerful operations to work with strings.
Here are the most important string operations every beginner should learn.

1. String Concatenation (Joining Strings)

Concatenation means joining two or more strings using the + operator.

Example

first_name = "Rahul"
last_name = "Sharma"
full_name = first_name + " " + last_name
print(full_name) # Rahul Sharma

▶ Output will appear here.

2. String Repetition

You can repeat a string multiple times using the * operator.

Example

1word = "Hi! "

2print(word * 3) # Hi! Hi! Hi!

▶ Output will appear here.

3. String Comparison

Strings can be compared using operators:

== (equal)
!= (not equal)
< (less than)
> (greater than)
<=
>=

Python compares strings lexicographically (dictionary/Unicode order).

Example

a = "apple"
b = "banana"
print(a == b) # False
print(a != b) # True
print(a < b) # True ('a' comes before 'b')
print(a > b) # False

▶ Output will appear here.

Case Sensitivity

String comparison is case-sensitive.

1print("Apple" == "apple") # False

2print("Apple" < "apple") # True ('A' < 'a' in Unicode)

▶ Output will appear here.

4. Escape Sequences in Python

Escape sequences are special characters beginning with \ that allow you to insert:

new lines
tabs
quotes
backslashes
Unicode characters

They help format and control how text is displayed.

Common Escape Sequences

Escape	Meaning	Example	Output
\'	Single quote	'It\'s Python'	It's Python
\"	Double quote	"He said, \"Hello\""	He said, "Hello"
\\	Backslash	"C:\\Users\\Megha"	C:\Users\Megha
\n	New line	"Hello\nWorld"	Hello World
\t	Tab space	"Hello\tWorld"	Hello World
\r	Carriage return	"Hello\rWorld"	World
\b	Backspace	"Hello\bWorld"	HellWorld
\f	Form feed	Rarely used	Prints on next page
\ooo	Octal value	"\110\145\154\154\157"	Hello
\xhh	Hex value	"\x48\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"	Hello
\uXXXX	Unicode (16-bit)	"\u2764"
\UXXXXXXXX	Unicode (32-bit)	"\U0001F600"	😀

Examples

print("Hello\nPython") # New line
print("Name:\tRohan") # Tab space
print("She said, \"Hi!\"") # Quotes inside string
print("C:\\Users\\Rohan") # File path

▶ Output will appear here.

5. Raw Strings

Raw strings ignore escape sequences.
Prefix the string with r or R.

Example

1path = r"C:\Users\Rohan"

2print(path) # C:\Users\Rohan

▶ Output will appear here.

String Operations